Power-hammer



(No Model.)

. 2 Sheets-Shear, 1.

A. BBAUDRY.

- POWER HAMMER.

n Patgnted Sept. '3, 1895.

nllwwiiala: I u l Wil (No Modem I 2 sheets-sheet 2.

A. BBAUDR'Y';

POWER HAMMER. Y

Patented Sept.3, 1895.

' FII-3:5.

Mzn www UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

AUGUSTI BEAUDRY, OF SOMERVILLE, MASSACHUSETTS.

POWER-HAMMER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 545,763, dated September 3, 1895.

` Application inea september 25,1894. serial No. 524,065- (No mais To all whom it may concern,.-

Be itknown that I, AUGUSTIN BEAUDRY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Somerville, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and usefullmprovementsin Power-Ham mers, of which the following is a specication.

This invention relates to that class of powerhammers wherein the hammer-head reciprocates in guides and the motion is imparted thereto from a crank carried by a rotating shaft.

The object of the present invention is to connect the hammer-head with the operatingcrank through the medium of an elastic or spring connection, and to provide a frictional grip between said connection and the hammer-head, whereby rigidity between the moving head and the crank-pin is avoided.

The invention also contemplates the provision of an auxiliary die-carrier, together with certain features of construction, all as will be hereinafter fully set forth.

The novel features of the invention will be carefully defined inthe claims.

In the accompanying drawings, which serve to illustrate my invention, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the hammer, portions of the elastic or spring connection being shown -in section for better illustration; and Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken in the plane indicated by line x2 m2 in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the hammer-head, showing. the driving mechanism thereof. Fig. 4 is a perspective detail view, on an enlarged scale, and showing the adj nstable connecting block or piece detached. Fig. 5 is a plan View showing the auxiliary die, the frame being in section on line ocsxiin Fig. l; and Fig. 6 is a section of the same along line x6 as, Fig. 5, showing certain features to be hereinafter referred to. Figs. 7, 8, 9, and 10 are side elevations showing various modified arrangements of the spring-connection and 0f the frictional grip between the same and the hammer-head. These views will be hereinafter more particularly referred to.

Referring, primarily, to Figs l to 6, l is the bed of the hammer, 2 the anvil, 3 the frame rising from the bed, and 4 the position of the frame, in which are formed the guides or ways 5 for the reciprocating head 6. At the upper part of the portion 4 of the frame is mounted the crank-shaft 7, on which are fixed a crank Sand a pulley 9, the latter serving, also, as a fly-wheel. l() is the belt on the pulley,- through which the crank-shaft is rotated. To the pin of the crank 8 is coupled a crank-rod or plunger 11, on which is adjustably secured the connecting block or piece 12, the construction of which will be readily understood from Figs. l and 4. As seen in these views, the block 12 is provided with a central bore l2 to receive the end of the crank rod or plunger 11, and at its lower end said block 12 has a reduced split portion or sleeve 12", through which lthe bore 12 also passes. Perforated lugs 12 are provided lto receive a screw or bolt 12d wherebythe block l2 may be securely clamped on the rod ll when set to the proper position. The upper larger portion of piece 12 is rectangular in cross-section, and at opposite sides of the central bore l2a therein are formed parallel vertical channels 12e, wherein are secured the upper ends of spring-arms 12f. In order to secure the arms 12f in place in said channels, each of said arms is provided on its inner'side with a projection 12g, adapted to engage a recess in the wall of the channel 12e. Wedges or keys 12h are driven into the upper open ends of the channels12e, at the side' of arms 12f opposite the projections and serve to hold the said arms securely in place in the channels. The arms 12f will be, by preference, of spring steel, and each arm carries at its lower end a roller 13, and these rollers are pressed outward laterally by the elasticity of the arms which carry them into elastic contact with curved tracks 15, formed in the lateral walls of a recess in the face of the hammer-head. These tracks will be preferably slightly concave in crosssection, as seen in Fig. 2, and they are curved longitudinally, as seen in Fig. 1. By this curvature of the tracks they will be, of course, farthest apart at about midway of their length, and in the movement of the spring rod and rollers longitudinally to and fro they carry the hammer-head with them by reason of the fact that any movement of the rodiand rollers independently of the hammer-head forces the rollers inward toward each other and so increases the tension on the branches of the rod 12. This is due to the convergence of the tracks. The effect of this construction is to IOO connect the lower` end of the spring-rod tothe hammer-head by an elastic-grip, which will yield to an extent sufficient to overcome gradually the inertia of the hammer-head at the ends of the strokes and avoid severe strain and weardue to a positive coupling of the parts. Vhen the crank-shaft is rotated, the crank and spring-rod impart the necessary reciprocating motion to the hammer-head, which is, of course, arranged directly over the anvil. It is desirable, in order to adapt the hammerhead to articles varying in thickness, to provide means for varying the distance between the face of the hammer-head and the center of the crank-shaft, and this is effected by setting the block 12 in or out along the crank-rod 1l, as before stated. I do not, however, consider this adjustment essential in all cases, for the block 2 might be made integral with rod 11.

In order to enable the operator to stop and start the hammer conveniently, the belt 10 is arranged to run loosely about the pulley 9 under normal conditions when the hammer is at rest, and a tightening-roller17 is employed to be pressed against the belt and thus tighten it o n the pulley. This roller 17 is carried by a bent lever 18, fulcrumed at 19 on the machine-frame, and the other end of this lever extends down a treadle 21 on the base 1 of the hammer. This treadle is of a U shape, and the rod 20 is at the back of the frame, as seen in Fig. 1, the point 22, where it is cou pled to the rear branch of the treadle, being therefore indicated in dotted lines. Pressure downward on the treadle applies the roller 17 to the belt, and when this pressure is removed the parts are retracted by a spring 23 under the treadle, or arranged in some other convenient manner. In order to check the momentum of the pulley 9 when the belt is slackened, a brake-shoe 24, carried by the lever 1S, is arranged to bear on the rim of the pulley, it being applied with a pressure due to the tension of spring 23.

25 represents an upper die or the face of the hammer-head, and 26 represents a lower die or the face of the anvil. It is desirable in this form of hammer to shift the dies quickly, so as to adapt the hammer to diiferent kinds of work readily. Forexample, the plain pieces 25 and 26 may be in use for flat forging, and it will be desired to use the hammer temporarily for truing up to gage pins or rods. To facilitate such temporary shifts I provide the hammer with a die carrier and shifter such as I will now describe with reference to Figs. 1, 5, and 6.

On the frame 3 is hinged at 27xa strong arm 27, which swings horizontally and has at its free end a die-carrier 28, on which rests a pair of dies 29, such as are in use for swaging cylindrical rods and the like, to gage. The dies are mounted removably on the carrier. 7When the arm 27 is swung around to the position seen in full lines in plan in Fig. 5, a stop-fiange 2SK (see Figs. 1 and 6) on the rod 11, which is split, as seen at 11,

carrier 284 strikes the die or face 2G on the an- Vil, and thus stops-the dies 29 in position directly under the hammer-head. After using the dies 29 the arm 27 may be swungback again out of the way.

In the construction shown in Fig. 7 the connecting block or piece 12 is dispensed with and in lieu thereof the two arms l2f are formed in one piece,being connected at their upper ends by a tubular sleeve or tie-piece 1-1, adapted to receive the extremity of the crank- The sleeve 14 is provided with a pointed screw 1-1, so set that when screwed home its pointed tip enters the split in the crank-rod 11 and expands the same into the bore of sleeve 1-1. This construction permits the sleeve to be adj usted along the crank-rod 11, as desired. In order to vary the elasticity of the spring-arms 12f, I have shown a screw lib passing through one of the arms and bearing atits tip against the other arm 12f. Such a screw may also be employed in the construction shown in Fig. 1, if desired.

In the construction shown in Fig. 8 both the connecting block or piece 12 and the spring-arms 12f are dispensed with, and in lieu thereof a tubular or hollow head 1G, having a split upper portion, is clamped adjustably to the lower end of the crank-rod ll. The hollow of this head 1G is of a T form, the lower end 16a thereof being widened or eX- panded laterally to provide sufiicient width for the transverse bore, in the opposite branches of which are arranged the sliding bearing-blocks 1Gb, carrying the rollers 13, as clearly seen. The bearing-blocks 16b have beveled inner faces engaged by a wedge 16C, mounted movably in the vertical portion of the hollow of the head 16 and backed by a spring 16d, as clearly seen. Thus it will be seen that the spring 16d acts to keep the blocks 16b normally pressed out in opposite directions with their rollers 13 in contact at all times with the track 15.

In the constructions above described the rollers 13 press outward laterally against the curved tracks; but they may be arranged to press inwardly on similar tracks. This construction is illustrated in Fig. 9, which is a face view showing only the parts appertaining to this modified construction. In this construction the crank-rod 11 is omitted, and the spring-arms 12f are connected at their upper end by a tie 111x, coupled directly tothe pin of the crank, and the arms 12f, carrying the rollers 13, press the latter inwardly against tracks on a centrally-,arranged track-piece Gf. This track-piece is secured to the hammerhead 6, and preferably with a slotted connection, so that it may be adjusted up or down on the hammer-head to a limited extent. A

screw Gb in the spring-arm is provided for the purpose of increasingthe pressure of the rollers on the tracks.

Fig. 10 illustrates another variation wherein the crank-rod 11 is made vertically movable,

ICO

being provided with a bearing 3a at its upper end. In this construction the connecting-piece l2 and arms 12f are dispensed with, the lower end of the crank-rod being forked or split and provided with rockers 13a, having curved faces which bear on straight tracks 15a on the hammer-head. The rockers I3 have a balland-socket connection with the forks of the crank-rod ll, as will be readily understood. The crank-pin carries a block 11X, which plays in a transverse slot llXX in the crank-rod ll, as clearly shown.

In these several constructions the rockers 13a and rollers 13 form shoes which bear on the tracks on the head with elastic or spring pressure. In the construction of Fig. l the rollers might be substituted by studs which do not rotate; but I prefer the rollers. In this construction of Fig. l the tracks are curved and converge, while in Fig. 10 the tracks are straight andthe rockers are curved on their faces, whereby when they rock in either direction the tension of the branches of the crank-rod is increased in the same way that the converging tracks increase suchtension.

Having thus described my invention, I claiml. In apower han1ner,the'combination with a frame, a crank-shaft and a crank in the frame, and a guided, reciprocating hammerhead in the frame provided with tracks eX- tending longitudinally thereof, of a crank-rod coupled at one end to the crank and carrying at its other end shoes which bear on the respective tracks on the hammer-head,the said shoes, and means for pressing said shoes elastically against the respective tracks, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a power hammer, the combination with a frame, a crank-shaft and crank in the frame, and a guided, reciprocating hammer-head in the frame and provided with curved tracks, as set forth, of a crank-rod coupled at one end to the crank and carrying at its other end shoes which bear laterally on the respective curved trackson the hammer-head, the said shoes, and means for pressing the said shoes elastically up to the respective tracks, substantially as set forth.

3. In a power hammer, the combination with a frame, a crank-shaft and crank in the frame, and a guided, reciprocating hammer-head in the frame and provided with curved tracks, which converge at their ends, of the crank-rod coupled at one end to the crank and carrying at its other end two shoes which bear outwardly on the respective curved tracks, the said shoes, and springs carried by the connecting-rod which press the said shoes up elastically to their respective tracks, substa ntially as set forth.

4. In a power hammer, the combination with a frame, a crank-shaft and crank in the frame, and a guided, reciprocating hammerehead in the frame and provided with curved tracks, as set forth, of a crank-rod connected at its upper end to said crank and provided at its lower end with shoes which bear on the respective curved tracks on the hammer-head, springs Yfor pressing said shoes elastically up to the respective tracks and means for adjusting the tension of said springs, substantially as set forth.

5. In a power hammer, the combination with a crank-shaft and crank and a guided reciprocatinghammer-head, of a crank-rod connected at its upper end to the crank, and spring-arms mounted on said crank-rod and provided with shoes which bear respectively with elastic pressure laterally on tracks on the hammerhead, whereby a grip is provided, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. In a power hammer, the combination with a crank-shaft and crank and aguided reciprocating hammer-head provided with curved tracks, as set forth, of the crank-rod connected at its upper end tothe crank, said rod having like spring-arms provided with shoes which bear with elastic pressure laterally on the respective tracks on the hammer-head, substantially as set forth.

7. In apower hammer, the combination with a crank-shaft and crank and a guided reciprocating hammer-head provided with curved tracks which converge at their ends, of a crank-rod, connected at its upper end to the crank, two spring-arms mounted on said crank-rod and each carrying a shoe which bears on one of said tracks, the elasticity of the branch serving to press the shoe laterally outward into firm contact with the track, as set forth.

8. In a power hammer, the combination with acrankshaft and crank and a guided reciprocating hammer-head provided with curved tracks 15, of a crank-rod coupled to the crank, two springarms adjustably mounted on said crank-rod and provided with shoes which bear on the respective tracks on the hammer-head, and means for varying the tension of the spring-arms, substantially as set forth.

9. In a power hammer, the combination with a crank-shaft and crank and a reciprocating hammer-head provided with curved, converging tracks, of the crank-rod connected to the crank, said rod having two longitudinally adjustable spring-arms eachcarrying a roller which bears on one of said tracks, and a tension screw for spreading the spring-arms and increasing the tension of the same, substantially as set forth.

IO. In a power hammer, the combination of the crank-shaft, crank and a reciprocating hammer-head provided with curved converging tracks, a crank-rod coupled to the crank, a connecting-block adj ustably mounted on said crank-rod, spring-arms, carried by said connecting-block and rollers mounted on said spring-arms and adapted to engage the tracks in the hammer-head, substantially as set forth.

11. In a power hammer, the combination of a crank-shaft, crank and a reciprocating hammer-head provided with curved converging IOO IIO

tracks, a crank-rod coupled to the crank, a connecting-block having a central bore to receive said crank-rod and having channels on opposite sides of said central bore, means for securing said connecting-block to the crankrod, spring-arms each arranged with one end in one of the channels in the connecting-block, and having at its other end a roller arranged to engage the track in the hammer-head, and wedges arranged in said channels and adapted to hold said spring-arms in place, substantially as set forth.

12. In apower hammer, the combination of a crank-shaft and a reciprocating hammerhead provided with curved, converging tracks, a connecting-block having a central bore to receive said crank-rod and having channels on opposite sides of said central bore, the walls of said channels being provided with recesses, means for securing said connectingblock to the crank-rod spring-arms each arranged with one end in one of the channels and having a projection to engage the recess in the Wall thereof, Wedges arranged in said channels and adapted to hold said springarms with their projections in engagement with the recesses in the walls of the channels, and rollers mounted on said spring-arms in position to engage'the tracks in the hammerhead, substantially as set forth.

13. In a power hammer, the combination with the frame, the anvil and the guided, reciprocating hammer-head in the frame, of the arm 27, pivoted on the frame and adapted to swing horizontally, the die-carrier 28, borne by said arm, and the dies mounted on said carrier, the relative proportions of the parts being such that the dies are brought over the anvil by swinging said arm.

14. In a power hammer, the combination of a frame, an anvil, a reciprocating hammerhead guided in the frame, an arm pivoted to the frame and adapted to swing horizontally, a die-carrier mounted on said arm and adapted to be brought into position over the anvil when said arm is actuated, and a stop mounted on said die-carrier in position to engage said anvil, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

AUGUSTIN BEAUDRY.

lVitnesses:

HENRY BEAUDRY, O. B. MOORE. 

